A single United States employee working in an office building can use up more than 10,000 sheets of paper in a years time. Over 200 billion sheets of paper can be used for faxing by companies in the United States every year. Also, Americans buy as many as 60 million newspapers in one day alone. These statistics prove that the United States is in great need of the paper manufacturing industry.
Preparation of fibers is the first order of business in the paper manufacturing process. Pulp refers to fibers that have been placed in liquid. Fibers can come from a number of places such as softwood trees or other kinds of plants. Plants have lignin which must be removed by a chemical process. This process is important because if the lignin is not removed, the paper will turn yellow when air and light come in contact with it.
Then next thing that takes place in paper manufacturing is sheet formation. The pulp mixture is taken at this point and further watered down. A moving screen built of mesh is then used to strain the pulp mixture into a fibrous web. The pulp web can now be flattened and pressed. The paper sheet can be taken from the mesh screen wet, or dried first before taking it out. Either way, the paper has to be dry before cutting it.
The final phase in the paper manufacturing process is drying the paper, which has more than one method that can be used. One way is by pressing the paper until all the water is forced out leaving the paper suitably dry. Heat and air can remove the water and cause the paper to dry as well. In times past, this method was similar to drying clothes as paper was hung up to dry. Drying machines that use steam are used nowadays. These dryers can take out nearly all the paper’s moisture because they have temperatures as high as 200 degrees F.
How the environment might be affected is the concern that many people have when discussing paper manufacturing. Many individuals use the fact that our rainforests is depleting to state their case. Rainforests once covered about 15% of the earth’s land, but now only covers around 6%. Paper manufactures insist that new trees are always planted to take the place of the trees that are cut down. Many of them also use recycled paper which reduces the number of trees that are needed for paper production.
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